The Lesson notes describe different ethical principles we use to evaluate whether or not a decision is wrong or right–at least from our perspective. Use two of the ethical principles to debate the fact that as of January 1st, 2015 it is illegal to smoke on bar and restaurant patios, in or near playgrounds, public sports fields and rinks. This marks phase two of the restriction of smoking, with the first phase being the banning of smoking in restaurants and pubs. This forum is a tough one for you as I am not asking you for your personal opinion on the subject but rather to look at the decision from different and sometimes opposing ethical principles.For anthony: the info below is the ethical principles needed.The following 3 ethical principles can be applied to decisions that are made.Listen to any political debate and you will hear ethics used as a reason to do something or in some instances to stop doing something. As this sentence is being typed, a radio in the background is telling me that Hydro One in Ontario is instituting a surcharge in electricity rates and the additional monies will be used to help fund environmentally friendly programs. The ethical principle of utilitarianism is being used by the hydro company to sell the benefits of the surcharge. The environment will benefit and that will be good for the greatest number of people.Banning smoking in bars and restaurants is an example of the utilitarianism school of ethics being used to justify the ban as it will result in the greatest good for the greatest number of people.In this debate we also heard the counter ethical argument being used i.e. the individual rights principle. Restaurant and bar owners argued that the decision to ban smoking in bars and restaurants took away their individual rights to run a business.Often times, using the individual rights argument ends up in two sets of individual rights clashing. The individual rights of the smokers and non-smokers made it highly unlikely that any sort of compromise was possible.After 911, we witnessed the utilitarianism ethics principle being used to arrest suspected terrorists and to imprison them without any sort of court case. While individual rights were taken away from the suspected terrorists, the “greatest good for the greatest number” of people principle was used to defend the actions.The distributive justice ethical principle is the basis for our equal pay legislation and you see this principle being used in the workplace to determine fairness and equity in the workplace. Employees are very aware of ethics in the workplace and monitor actions and behaviours to ensure that decisions are made fairly and ethically. You will learn more about this concept when you study the Equity model.The use of ethics to determine the ‘right or wrong” of a situation is not an absolute activity. While an organization may use the utilitarianism principle to defend the lay-off of 50 staff members i.e. “we laid off 50 workers but in doing so we saved the jobs of 250 workers”, the laid off workers may not feel that the organization handled the situation ethically.The organization for which I work has a code of ethics, which all employees must study and sign that they have read the Code. Does your organization have a code of ethics? If so what sort of topics are covered in the code?
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